Table of contents
Phase 5b
Section 70b

Commissioning of the Twelve

Galilee

Matthew 10:1-42

Mark 6:7-11

Luke 9:1-5

1Then Jesus summoned his twelve disciples and gave them authority to cast out unclean spirits and to heal every disease and every sickness. 2Now these are the names of the twelve apostles: first, Simon, who is called Peter, and Andrew his brother; James the son of Zebedee, and John his brother; 3Philip and Bartholomew; Thomas and Matthew the tax collector; James the son of Alphaeus, and Lebbaeus, who was given the name Thaddaeus; 4Simon the Cananite, and Judas Iscariot, who betrayed him. 5These twelve Jesus sent out, instructing them, “Do not go anywhere among the Gentiles, and do not enter any town of the Samaritans, 6but go rather to the lost sheep of the house of Israel. 7As you go, preach that the kingdom of heaven has drawn near. 8Heal the sick, cleanse lepers, and cast out demons. Freely you have received; freely give.

7He summoned the twelve and began to send them out two by two, giving them authority over unclean spirits.

1Then Jesus called the twelve together and gave them power and authority over all demons and to heal diseases, 2and he sent them to proclaim the kingdom of God and to heal the sick.

9Take no gold, silver, or copper in your belts. 10Take no knapsack for your journey, no extra tunic, sandals, or staffs, for the worker is worthy of his food. 11Whenever you enter a town or village, inquire who in it is worthy, and stay there until you leave that place. 12As you enter the house, greet the people who live there. 13If the household is worthy, let your peace come upon it; but if it is not worthy, let your peace return to you.

8He instructed them to take nothing for their journey except a staff—no knapsack, no bread, and no copper money in their belts. 9He told them to wear sandals but not an extra tunic. 10He also said to them, “Whenever you enter a house, stay there until you leave that place.

3He said to them, “Take nothing for your journey, neither staffs, knapsack, bread, nor money; and bring only one tunic each. 4Whatever house you enter, stay there until you leave that place.

14If anyone will not receive you or listen to your words, shake off the dust from your feet as you go out from that house or town. 15Truly I say to you, it will be more tolerable on the day of judgment for the land of Sodom and Gomorrah than for that town. 16“Behold, I am sending you out like sheep in the midst of wolves, so be as wise as serpents and as innocent as doves.

11If anyone will not receive you or listen to you, shake the dust off your feet as you leave that place, as a testimony against them. Truly I say to you, it will be more tolerable for Sodom and Gomorrah on the day of judgment than for that city.”

5If any will not receive you, shake off the very dust from your feet as you leave that town, as a testimony against them.”

17But beware of men, for they will deliver you up to councils and flog you in their synagogues. 18For my sake you will even be brought before governors and kings as witnesses to them and to the Gentiles. 19When they hand you over, do not be anxious about how to speak or what to say, for what you are to say will be given to you in that hour. 20For it will not be you speaking, but the Spirit of your Father speaking through you. 21Brother will deliver up brother to death, and a father his child, and children will rise up against their parents and have them put to death. 22You will be hated by all because of my name, but he who endures to the end will be saved. 23When they persecute you in one town, flee to another, for truly I say to you, you will certainly not finish going through the towns of Israel before the Son of Man comes. 24“A disciple is not above his teacher, nor is a servant above his master. 25It is sufficient for the disciple that he should be like his teacher, and the servant like his master. If they have called the master of the house Beelzebul, how much more will they malign the members of his household? 26“So do not be afraid of them, for there is nothing covered that will not be revealed, and nothing hidden that will not be made known. 27What I tell you in the darkness, speak in the light; and what you hear whispered in your ear, proclaim on the housetops. 28Do not be afraid of those who kill the body but cannot kill the soul, but rather fear him who can destroy both the soul and the body in hell. 29Are not two sparrows sold for a penny? Yet not one of them will fall to the ground without your Father's consent. 30And even the hairs of your head are all numbered. 31So do not be afraid; you are of more value than many sparrows. 32“Therefore everyone who acknowledges me before men, I will also acknowledge before my Father in heaven. 33But whoever denies me before men, I will also deny before my Father in heaven. 34“Do not think that I have come to bring peace to the earth. I have not come to bring peace, but a sword. 35For I have come to set a man against his father, a daughter against her mother, and a daughter-in-law against her mother-in-law. 36And a man's enemies will be the members of his own household. 37Whoever loves his father or mother more than me is not worthy of me; whoever loves his son or daughter more than me is not worthy of me. 38And whoever does not take up his cross and follow me is not worthy of me. 39Whoever finds his life will lose it, but whoever loses his life for my sake will find it. 40“Whoever receives you receives me, and whoever receives me receives him who sent me. 41Whoever receives a prophet in the name of a prophet will receive a prophet's reward; whoever receives a righteous person in the name of a righteous person will receive a righteous person's reward. 42And whoever gives one of these little ones even a cup of cold water to drink in the name of a disciple, truly I say to you, he will certainly not lose his reward.”

Section 70c

Workers sent out

Galilee

Matthew 11:1

Mark 6:12-13

Luke 9:6

1When Jesus had finished instructing his twelve disciples, he departed from there to teach and preach in their cities.

12So they went out and preached that people should repent. 13They also cast out many demons and anointed with oil many who were sick and healed them.

6So they set out and went throughout the villages, preaching the gospel and healing people everywhere.

Section 71a

Antipas's mistaken identification of Jesus

Matthew 14:1-2

Mark 6:14-16

Luke 9:7-9

1At that time Herod the tetrarch heard the report about Jesus 2and said to his servants, “This is John the Baptist; he has been raised from the dead, and that is why these mighty powers are at work in him.”

14Now King Herod heard about this, for Jesus' name had become known, and he said, “John the Baptist has been raised from the dead, and that is why these mighty powers are at work in him.” 15Others said, “He is Elijah.” And others said, “He is a prophet, like one of the prophets.” 16But when Herod heard this, he said, “This is John, whom I beheaded; he has been raised from the dead.”

7Now Herod the tetrarch heard about everything that Jesus was doing, and he was greatly perplexed, because some were saying that John had been raised from the dead, 8others were saying that Elijah had appeared, and others were saying that one of the ancient prophets had risen. 9But Herod said, “John I beheaded; who then is this man about whom I hear such things?” So he was looking for an opportunity to see him.

Section 71b

Earlier imprisonment and beheading of John the Baptist

Perhaps Tiberias

Matthew 14:3-12

Mark 6:17-29

3For Herod had arrested John, bound him, and put him in prison on account of Herodias, his brother Philip's wife. 4For John had been saying to him, “It is not lawful for you to have her.” 5Although Herod wanted to kill John, he was afraid of the crowd, because they regarded John as a prophet.

17For Herod himself had sent men to arrest John and chain him in prison on account of Herodias, his brother Philip's wife, whom Herod had married. 18For John had been saying to Herod, “It is not lawful for you to have your brother's wife.” 19So Herodias held a grudge against John and wanted to kill him, but she was not able to do so. 20For Herod feared John, knowing that he was a righteous and holy man, and he protected him. When Herod listened to John, he would listen to him gladly and do many things. 21But an opportune day came. On his birthday Herod prepared a banquet for his nobles, military commanders, and the prominent men of Galilee.

6But when Herod's birthday was celebrated, the daughter of Herodias danced before the guests and pleased Herod. 7So he promised with an oath to give her whatever she might ask.

22When the daughter of Herodias came in and danced, she pleased Herod and his guests. So the king said to the girl, “Ask me for whatever you wish, and I will give it to you.” 23He swore to her, “Whatever you ask me, I will give to you, up to half of my kingdom.” 24So she went out and said to her mother, “What should I ask for?” Her mother said, “The head of John the Baptist.”

8Prompted by her mother, she said, “Give me here on a platter the head of John the Baptist.” 9The king was grieved, but because of his oaths and his guests, he commanded it to be given 10and sent orders to have John beheaded in the prison. 11John's head was brought on a platter and given to the girl, and she brought it to her mother. 12Later, John's disciples came and took his body and buried it. Then they went and brought word to Jesus.

25Immediately the girl came in with haste to the king and made her request, saying, “I want you to give me at once the head of John the Baptist on a platter.” 26Although the king was very sad, because of his oaths and his guests, he did not want to reject her. 27So the king immediately sent an executioner and commanded that John's head be brought back. 28The executioner then went and beheaded John in the prison, brought his head on a platter, and gave it to the girl. And the girl gave it to her mother. 29When John's disciples heard about it, they came and took his body and laid it in a tomb.

Section 72a

Return of the workers

Galilee

Mark 6:30

Luke 9:10a

30Meanwhile, the apostles gathered around Jesus and told him about all they had done and taught.

10aWhen the apostles returned, they told Jesus about all they had done.

Section 72b

Withdrawal from Galilee

Galilee Bethsaida

Matthew 14:13-14

Mark 6:31-34

Luke 9:10b-11

John 6:1-3

31Then he said to them, “Come away by yourselves to a desolate place and rest for a little while.” For many people were coming and going, and Jesus and his apostles did not even have an opportunity to eat.

13When Jesus heard this, he withdrew from there in a boat to a desolate place by himself. But the crowds heard about it and followed him on foot from the towns.

32So they went away to a desolate place in the boat by themselves. 33Now many saw them going away and recognized Jesus. They ran together on foot from all the towns, got there ahead of them, and gathered around him.

10bThen he took them along and withdrew privately to a desolate place belonging to a town called Bethsaida.

1After this Jesus went away to the other side of the Sea of Galilee (that is, the Sea of Tiberias).

14And when Jesus went ashore and saw a large crowd, he was moved with compassion for them and healed their sick.

34When Jesus went ashore and saw a large crowd, he was moved with compassion for them, because they were like sheep without a shepherd. So he began to teach them many things.

11But when the crowds found out about it, they followed him. So he welcomed them and spoke to them about the kingdom of God, and cured those who had need of healing.

2A large crowd was following him because they saw the miraculous signs he was performing on the sick. 3So Jesus went up on the mountain and sat there with his disciples.

Section 72c

Feeding the five thousand

Bethsaida

Matthew 14:15-21

Mark 6:35-44

Luke 9:12-17

John 6:4-13

15As evening approached, his disciples came to him and said, “This place is desolate, and the hour is now late. Send the crowds away so that they may go into the villages and buy food for themselves.”

35When the hour was already quite late, his disciples came to him and said, “This place is desolate, and the hour is now late. 36Send the people away so that they may go into the surrounding countryside and villages and buy themselves bread, for they have nothing to eat.”

12As the day began to draw to a close, the twelve came up and said to Jesus, “Send the crowd away so that they may go into the surrounding villages and countryside and find lodging and provisions, for we are in a desolate place here.”

4(Now the Jewish feast of the Passover was near.)

16But Jesus said to them, “They have no need to go away; you give them something to eat.”

37But Jesus answered them, “You give them something to eat.” They said to him, “Are we to go and buy two hundred denarii worth of bread and give it to them to eat?” 38aHe said to them, “How many loaves do you have? Go and see.”

13aBut he said to them, “You give them something to eat.”

5When Jesus lifted up his eyes and saw that a large crowd was coming to him, he said to Philip, “Where shall we buy bread so that these people may eat?” 6(He said this to test him, for he himself knew what he was about to do.) 7Philip answered him, “Two hundred denarii worth of bread would not be sufficient for each of them to receive a little portion.” 8Then one of his disciples, Andrew, the brother of Simon Peter, said to him,

17They said to him, “We have here only five loaves and two fish.” 18He said, “Bring them here to me.” 19Then he commanded the crowds to sit down on the grass, and taking the five loaves and the two fish, he looked up to heaven and said the blessing. Then he broke the loaves and gave them to the disciples, and the disciples gave them to the crowds. 20They all ate and were filled, and the disciples picked up what was left over of the broken pieces, twelve baskets full. 21Now those who had eaten were about five thousand men, besides women and children.

38bWhen they found out, they said, “Five, and two fish.” 39Then he directed them to have all the people sit down in groups on the green grass. 40So they sat down in groups of hundreds and fifties. 41Then he took the five loaves and the two fish, and looking up to heaven, he blessed the food. He broke the loaves and gave them to his disciples to set before the people, and he divided the two fish among them all. 42They all ate and were filled, 43and the disciples picked up twelve baskets full of the broken pieces and of the fish. 44Now those who had eaten the loaves were five thousand men.

13bThey said, “We have only five loaves and two fish—unless we are to go and buy food for this entire group of people.” 14(For there were about five thousand men.) Then he said to his disciples, “Have them sit down in groups of fifty each.” 15The disciples did so, and had everyone sit down. 16Then Jesus took the five loaves and the two fish, and looking up to heaven, he blessed and broke them, and gave them to the disciples to set before the crowd. 17They all ate and were filled, and what was left over was picked up, twelve baskets of broken pieces.

9“There is a little boy here who has five barley loaves and two fish, but what good are they for so many people?” 10Jesus said, “Have the people sit down.” (Now there was a lot of grass in that place.) So the men sat down, about five thousand in number. 11Then Jesus took the loaves, and after giving thanks, he distributed them to the disciples, and the disciples distributed them to those who were seated. He did the same with the fish, and the people ate as much as they wanted. 12When they were full, Jesus said to his disciples, “Gather together the pieces that are left over so that nothing is wasted.” 13So they gathered them together and filled twelve baskets with the broken pieces from the five barley loaves that were left over by those who had eaten.

Section 73

A premature attempt to make Jesus king blocked

Bethsaida & On a mountain

Matthew 14:22-23

Mark 6:45-46

John 6:14-15

22Immediately Jesus compelled the disciples to get into the boat and go ahead of him to the other side of the sea, while he sent the crowds away. 23After sending the crowds away, he went up on the mountain by himself to pray. When evening came, he was there alone.

45Immediately Jesus compelled his disciples to get into the boat and go ahead of him to the other side of the sea, to Bethsaida, while he sent the crowd away. 46After taking leave of them, he went to the mountain to pray.

14When the people saw the sign that Jesus had done, they said, “This is truly the Prophet who is to come into the world.” 15So Jesus, knowing that they were about to come and take him by force to make him king, withdrew to the mountain by himself.

Section 74

Walking on the water during a storm on the lake

On the Sea of Galilee

Matthew 14:24-33

Mark 6:47-52

John 6:16-21

24Meanwhile, the boat was already in the middle of the sea, being tossed by the waves, for the wind was against them. 25And in the fourth watch of the night Jesus went to them, walking on the sea. 26When the disciples saw him walking on the sea, they were terrified and said, “It is a ghost!” And they cried out in fear.

47When evening came, the boat was in the middle of the sea, and he was alone on the land. 48He saw the disciples straining as they rowed, for the wind was against them. About the fourth watch of the night he came to them, walking on the sea, and intended to pass them by. 49But when they saw him walking on the sea, they thought it was a ghost and cried out. 50aFor they all saw him and were terrified.

16When evening came, his disciples went down to the sea, 17and after getting into the boat, they started going across the sea to Capernaum. Darkness had already set in, but Jesus had not come to them. 18Then the sea became rough because a strong wind was blowing. 19When they had rowed about three or four miles, they saw Jesus approaching the boat, walking on the sea, and they were afraid.

27But Jesus immediately said to them, “Take courage! It is I; do not be afraid.” 28In response Peter said to him, “Lord, if it is you, command me to come to you on the water.” 29So he said, “Come.” Then Peter got down from the boat and walked on the water to go to Jesus. 30But when he saw the strong wind, he became frightened, and beginning to sink, he cried out, “Lord, save me!” 31Immediately Jesus stretched out his hand, took hold of him, and said to him, “O you of little faith, why did you doubt?”

50bBut Jesus immediately said to them, “Take courage! It is I; do not be afraid.”

20But he said to them, “It is I; do not be afraid.”

32And when they had gotten into the boat, the wind ceased. 33Then those who were in the boat came and worshiped him, saying, “Truly you are the Son of God.”

51Then he got into the boat with them, and the wind ceased. And they were utterly and completely amazed and in awe; 52for they did not understand the significance of what had happened with the loaves, because their hearts were hardened.

21Then they were willing to receive him into the boat, and immediately the boat reached the land where they were heading.

Section 75

Healings at Gennesaret

Gennesaret

Matthew 14:34-36

Mark 6:53-56

34When they had crossed the sea, they came to the land of Gennesaret. 35And when the men of that place recognized Jesus, they sent word into that entire surrounding region, and people brought to him all who were sick. 36They begged him to let the sick touch even the fringe of his garment, and all who touched it were completely healed.

53When they had crossed the sea, they came to the land of Gennesaret and moored the boat. 54When they got out of the boat, people immediately recognized Jesus. 55So the people ran around throughout that entire surrounding region and began to carry the sick on mats to wherever they heard he was. 56And wherever he went, to villages, cities, or the countryside, they would lay the sick in the marketplaces and beg him to let the sick touch even the fringe of his garment. And all who touched it were healed.

Section 76a

Discourse on the true bread of life

Capernaum

John 6:22-59

22On the next day the crowd that had stayed on the other side of the sea realized that there had been no other boat there except the one Jesus' disciples had gotten into, and that Jesus himself had not gotten into the boat with his disciples, but that his disciples had gone away alone. 23Then other boats from Tiberias came near the place where they had eaten the bread after the Lord had given thanks. 24So when the crowd saw that neither Jesus nor his disciples were there, they themselves got into the boats and went to Capernaum, seeking Jesus. 25When they found him on the other side of the sea, they said to him, “Rabbi, when did you get here?” 26Jesus answered them, “Truly, truly, I say to you, you are seeking me not because you saw signs, but because you ate the loaves and were filled. 27Do not work for food that perishes, but for food that endures to eternal life, which the Son of Man will give you. For on him God the Father has set his seal.” 28Then they said to him, “What must we do to do the works of God?” 29Jesus answered them, “This is the work of God, that you believe in the one he has sent.” 30So they said to him, “What sign then are you going to perform so that we may see it and believe you? What will you do? 31Our fathers ate the manna in the wilderness, just as it is written, ‘He gave them bread from heaven to eat.’ ” 32Jesus said to them, “Truly, truly, I say to you, it was not Moses who gave you the bread from heaven, but my Father gives you the true bread from heaven. 33For the bread of God is that which comes down from heaven and gives life to the world.” 34So they said to him, “Sir, give us this bread always.” 35Jesus said to them, “I am the bread of life; he who comes to me will never hunger, and he who believes in me will never thirst. 36But as I told you, you have seen me and still you do not believe. 37Everyone the Father gives me will come to me, and I will never cast out anyone who comes to me. 38For I have come down from heaven not to do my own will, but the will of him who sent me. 39And this is the will of the Father who sent me, that I should lose none of those he has given me, but should raise them up on the last day. 40And this is the will of him who sent me, that everyone who looks to the Son and believes in him should have eternal life, and I will raise him up on the last day.” 41Then the Jews began to grumble about him because he said, “I am the bread that came down from heaven.” 42They said, “Is this not Jesus, the son of Joseph, whose father and mother we know? How then can he say, ‘I have come down from heaven’?” 43Jesus answered them, “Do not grumble among yourselves. 44No one can come to me unless the Father who sent me draws him, and I will raise him up on the last day. 45It is written in the Prophets, ‘They will all be taught by God.’ Everyone therefore who has heard and learned from the Father comes to me— 46not that anyone has seen the Father, except he who is from God; he has seen the Father. 47Truly, truly, I say to you, whoever believes in me has eternal life. 48I am the bread of life. 49Your fathers ate the manna in the wilderness, and died. 50This is the bread that comes down from heaven, so that anyone may eat of it and not die. 51I am the living bread that has come down from heaven. If anyone eats of this bread, he will live forever. And the bread that I will give for the life of the world is my flesh.” 52Then the Jews began to quarrel with one another, saying, “How can this man give us his flesh to eat?” 53So Jesus said to them, “Truly, truly, I say to you, if you do not eat the flesh of the Son of Man and drink his blood, you have no life in yourselves. 54Whoever eats my flesh and drinks my blood has eternal life, and I will raise him up on the last day. 55For my flesh is true food, and my blood is true drink. 56Whoever eats my flesh and drinks my blood abides in me, and I in him. 57Just as the living Father sent me, and I live because of the Father, so whoever feeds on me will also live because of me. 58This is the bread that came down from heaven, not as your fathers ate the manna, and died. Whoever eats this bread will live forever.” 59He said these things in a synagogue while teaching in Capernaum.

Section 76b

Defection among the disciples

Capernaum

John 6:60-71

60After hearing this, many of his disciples said, “This is a hard saying; who can accept it?” 61But Jesus, aware that his disciples were grumbling about this, said to them, “Does this offend you? 62Then what if you see the Son of Man ascending to where he was before? 63It is the Spirit who gives life; the flesh is of no benefit. The words that I speak to you are spirit and life. 64But there are some among you who do not believe.” (For Jesus knew from the beginning which of them did not believe and who it was that would betray him.) 65Then he said, “That is why I told you that no one can come to me unless it has been granted to him by my Father.” 66At that point many of his disciples went back and no longer walked with him. 67So Jesus said to the twelve, “Do you also want to go away?” 68Simon Peter answered him, “Lord, to whom shall we go? You have the words of eternal life. 69And we have come to believe and to know that you are the Christ, the Son of the living God.” 70Jesus answered them, “Did I not choose you, the twelve? And yet one of you is a devil.” 71(Now he was speaking about Judas Iscariot, the son of Simon, who was one of the twelve and would later betray him.)

Section 77

Conflict over the tradition of ceremonial uncleanness

Galilee, perhaps Capernaum

Matthew 15:1-3a, 7-9, 3b-6, 10-20

Mark 7:1-15, 17-23

John 7:1

1Then the scribes and Pharisees from Jerusalem came to Jesus and said,

1Now the Pharisees and some of the scribes who had come from Jerusalem were gathered around Jesus. 2When they saw some of his disciples eating bread with hands that were defiled (that is, unwashed), they criticized them. 3(For none of the Pharisees or Jews eat unless they wash their hands properly, holding to the tradition of the elders. 4And when they come from the marketplace, they do not eat unless they have washed. There are also many other traditions they observe, such as the washing of cups, pots, copper vessels, and dining couches.)

1After this Jesus went from place to place in Galilee, for he did not want to travel around in Judea because the Jews were seeking to kill him.

2“Why do your disciples break the tradition of the elders? For they do not wash their hands when they eat bread.” 3aHe answered them,

5Now the Pharisees and the scribes asked Jesus, “Why do your disciples not walk according to the tradition of the elders, but eat bread with unwashed hands?”

7Hypocrites! Isaiah prophesied rightly about you when he said, 8‘This people draws near to me with their mouthand honors me with their lips,but their heart is far from me. 9They worship me in vain,teaching as doctrines the commandments of men.’ ”

6He answered them, “Isaiah prophesied rightly about you hypocrites, as it is written,‘This people honors me with their lips,but their heart is far from me. 7They worship me in vain,teaching as doctrines the commandments of men.’ 8For you have neglected the commandment of God and are holding to the tradition of men, such as various washings of pots and cups. And you do many other similar things such as these.”

3b“And why do you break the commandment of God for the sake of your tradition? 4For God commanded, ‘Honor your father and your mother,’ and, ‘Whoever speaks evil of his father or mother must surely die.’ 5But you say, ‘If anyone says to his father or mother, “Whatever benefit you might have received from me is a gift to God,” then he certainly need not honor his father or his mother.’ 6You have nullified the commandment of God for the sake of your tradition.

9Then he said to them, “You have a fine way of setting aside the commandment of God so that you may keep your tradition! 10For Moses said, ‘Honor your father and your mother,’ and, ‘Whoever speaks evil of his father or mother must surely die.’ 11But you teach that it is acceptable for a man to say to his father or mother, ‘Whatever benefit you might have received from me is Corban’ ” (that is, a gift to God). 12“In this way you no longer permit him to do anything for his father or his mother, 13thus nullifying the word of God by your tradition that you have handed down. And you do many similar things such as these.”

10Then Jesus called the crowd over and said to them, “Listen and understand: 11It is not what goes into the mouth that defiles a person; it is what comes out of the mouth that defiles a person.” 12Then his disciples came and said to him, “Do you know that the Pharisees were offended when they heard this statement?” 13Jesus answered, “Every plant that my heavenly Father has not planted will be uprooted. 14Leave them be; they are blind guides of the blind. And if one blind person guides another, both will fall into a pit.”

14Then Jesus called over the entire crowd and said to them, “Listen to me, all of you, and understand: 15There is nothing outside of a person that can defile him by going into him, but the things that come out of a person are what defile him.

15Then Peter said to him in response, “Explain this parable to us.” 16Jesus said, “Are you also still without understanding? 17Do you not yet understand that everything that goes into the mouth passes into the stomach and is expelled into the latrine? 18But the things that come out of the mouth come from the heart, and these defile a person.

17After Jesus had left the crowd and gone into a house, his disciples asked him about the parable. 18He said to them, “So are you also without understanding? Do you not understand that whatever goes into a person from the outside cannot defile him? 19For it does not go into his heart but into his stomach; then it goes out into the latrine, thus purifying all foods.” 20He also said, “It is what comes out of a person that defiles a person.

19For from the heart come evil thoughts, murder, adultery, fornication, theft, false testimony, and slander. 20These are what defile a person, but to eat with unwashed hands does not defile a person.”

21For from within, from the hearts of men, come evil thoughts, adultery, fornication, murder, 22theft, covetousness, wickedness, deceit, sensuality, envy, slander, pride, and foolishness. 23All these evil things come from within and defile a person.”

Section 78

Ministry to a believing Greek woman in Tyre and Sidon

The Vicinity of Tyre and Sidon

Matthew 15:21-28

Mark 7:24-30

21Then Jesus went away from there and withdrew to the district of Tyre and Sidon. 22And behold, a Canaanite woman from that region came and cried out to him, “Have mercy on me, Lord, Son of David! My daughter is severely demon-possessed.” 23But he did not respond to her at all. So his disciples came to him and urged him, “Send her away, for she is crying out after us.” 24In response Jesus said, “I was sent only to the lost sheep of the house of Israel.” 25But she came and bowed down before him, saying, “Lord, help me.”

24Then Jesus rose from there and went away to the region of Tyre and Sidon. He went into a house and did not want anyone to know it, yet he could not escape notice. 25For a woman whose little daughter had an unclean spirit heard about him and came and fell at his feet. 26(This woman was a Greek, a Syrophoenician by birth.) She asked Jesus to cast the demon out of her daughter.

26He replied, “It is not good to take the children's bread and throw it to the dogs.” 27She said, “Yes, Lord, yet even the dogs eat the crumbs that fall from the table of their masters.” 28Then Jesus answered her, “O woman, great is your faith; it will be done for you as you wish.” And her daughter was healed from that hour.

27But Jesus said to her, “Let the children first be filled, for it is not good to take the children's bread and throw it to the dogs.” 28She answered him, “Yes, Lord, yet even the dogs under the table eat the children's crumbs.” 29Then he said to her, “Because of this reply, you may go; the demon has come out of your daughter.” 30And when she went to her house, she found the demon gone and her daughter lying in bed.

Section 79a

Healings in Decapolis

The Vicinity of Tyre and Sidon The Region of Decapolis

Matthew 15:29-31

Mark 7:31-37

29Departing from there, Jesus went along the Sea of Galilee. Then he went up on the mountain and sat down.

31Then Jesus came back from the region of Tyre and Sidon and went to the Sea of Galilee, within the region of the Decapolis. 32Some people brought to him a deaf man who had a speech impediment, and they begged him to lay his hand on the man. 33So Jesus took him aside privately, away from the crowd. Then he put his fingers into the man's ears, spit, and touched the man's tongue. 34And looking up to heaven, he sighed and said to him, “Ephphatha” (that is, “Be opened”). 35Immediately the man's ears were opened, the impediment of his tongue was removed, and he began speaking clearly.

30Large crowds came to him, having with them the lame, blind, mute, crippled, and many others. They put them at the feet of Jesus, and he healed them. 31So the crowds were amazed when they saw the mute speaking, the crippled made well, the lame walking, and the blind seeing. And they glorified the God of Israel.

36Then Jesus ordered them not to tell anyone. But as much as he ordered them not to do so, they proclaimed it all the more. 37And they were completely astonished, saying, “He has done all things well. He even makes the deaf hear and the mute speak.”

Section 79b

Feeding the four thousand in Decapolis

The Region of Decapolis

Matthew 15:32-38

Mark 8:1-9a

1In those days, when there was a very large crowd that had nothing to eat, Jesus called his disciples over and said to them,

32Then Jesus called his disciples over and said, “I have compassion on the crowd because they have stayed with me now for three days and have nothing to eat. I do not want to send them away without having eaten, lest they faint on the way.” 33His disciples said to him, “Where can we get so many loaves in such a desolate place to fill such a large crowd?” 34Jesus said to them, “How many loaves do you have?” They said, “Seven, and a few small fish.” 35So he commanded the crowds to sit down on the ground, 36and taking the seven loaves and the fish, he gave thanks, broke them, and gave them to his disciples, and the disciples gave them to the crowd.

2“I have compassion on the crowd because they have stayed with me now for three days and have nothing to eat. 3If I send them away to their homes without having eaten, they will faint on the way, for some of them have come from far away.” 4His disciples answered him, “How can anyone feed these people with bread here in the wilderness?” 5He asked them, “How many loaves do you have?” They said, “Seven.” 6So he commanded the crowd to sit down on the ground, and taking the seven loaves, he gave thanks, broke them, and gave them to his disciples to distribute, and they set them before the crowd. 7They also had a few small fish. After blessing the fish, Jesus told the disciples to set them before the crowd as well.

37They all ate and were filled, and the disciples picked up what was left over of the broken pieces, seven baskets full. 38Besides women and children, there were four thousand men who had eaten.

8They ate and were filled, and the disciples picked up what was left over of the broken pieces, seven baskets full. 9aThere were about four thousand men who had eaten.

Section 80

Return to Galilee and encounter with the Pharisees and Sadducees

The Region of Decapolis Magadan (Dalmanuta)

Matthew 15:39-16:4

Mark 8:9b-12

39After sending the crowds away, Jesus got into the boat and went to the region of Magdala. 1Now the Pharisees and Sadducees came and tested Jesus, asking him to show them a sign from heaven. 2But he answered them, “When evening comes you say, ‘It will be fair weather, for the sky is red.’ 3And in the morning you say, ‘There will be a storm today, for the sky is red and threatening.’ Hypocrites! You know how to discern the appearance of the sky, but you cannot discern the signs of the times?

9bAfter sending them away, 10Jesus immediately got into the boat with his disciples and went to the district of Dalmanutha. 11Then the Pharisees came and began to argue with Jesus, asking him for a sign from heaven, to test him.

4An evil and adulterous generation asks for a sign, but no sign will be given to it except the sign of Jonah the prophet.” Then he left them and went away.

12Sighing deeply in his spirit, he said, “Why does this generation ask for a sign? Truly I say to you, no sign will be given to this generation.”

Section 81a

Warning about the error of the Pharisees, Sadducees, and Herodians

On the Sea of Galilee

Matthew 16:5-12

Mark 8:13-21

13Then he left them, got into the boat again, and went away to the other side of the sea.

5When his disciples reached the other side of the sea, they realized that they had forgotten to bring bread. 6Then Jesus said to them, “Watch out and beware of the leaven of the Pharisees and Sadducees.” 7So they discussed this among themselves, saying, “He must have said this because we brought no bread.” 8Aware of this, Jesus said to them, “Why are you discussing among yourselves, O you of little faith, the fact that you brought no bread? 9Do you not yet understand? Do you not remember the five loaves for the five thousand, and how many baskets you collected? 10Or the seven loaves for the four thousand, and how many baskets you collected? 11How could you not understand that I was not talking about bread when I told you to beware of the leaven of the Pharisees and Sadducees?” 12Then they understood that he had not told them to beware of the leaven of bread, but of the teaching of the Pharisees and Sadducees.

14Now the disciples had forgotten to bring bread, and they had nothing with them in the boat except for one loaf. 15Then Jesus gave them strict orders, saying, “Watch out! Beware of the leaven of the Pharisees and the leaven of Herod.” 16So they discussed this with one another, saying, “He must have said this because we have no bread.” 17Aware of this, Jesus said to them, “Why are you discussing the fact that you have no bread? Do you not yet perceive or understand? Are your hearts still hardened? 18Having eyes do you not see, and having ears do you not hear? Do you not remember? 19When I broke the five loaves for the five thousand, how many baskets full of broken pieces did you pick up?” They said to him, “Twelve.” 20“And when I broke the seven loaves for the four thousand, how many baskets full of broken pieces did you pick up?” They said, “Seven.” 21Then he said to them, “How is it that you do not understand?”

Section 81b

Healing a blind man at Bethsaida

Bethsaida

Mark 8:22-26

22When Jesus came to Bethsaida, some people brought to him a blind man and begged Jesus to touch him. 23So he took the blind man by the hand and led him out of the village. Then he spit on the man's eyes, laid his hands on him, and asked him if he saw anything. 24The man looked up and said, “I can see people, but they look like trees walking around.” 25So Jesus put his hands on the man's eyes again and had him look up. Then the man's sight was restored, and he saw everyone clearly. 26And Jesus sent him away to his house, saying, “Do not go into the village or tell anyone in the village what has happened.”

Section 82

Peter's identification of Jesus as the Christ and first prophecy of the church

Near Caesarea Philippi

Matthew 16:13-20

Mark 8:27-30

Luke 9:18-21

13Now when Jesus came into the district of Caesarea Philippi, he asked his disciples, “Who do people say that I, the Son of Man, am?” 14They said, “Some say John the Baptist, others say Elijah, and others say that you are Jeremiah or one of the prophets.” 15He said to them, “But who do you say that I am?” 16Simon Peter answered, “You are the Christ, the Son of the living God.” 17And Jesus answered him, “Blessed are you, Simon Bar-Jonah, for flesh and blood has not revealed this to you, but my Father in heaven. 18And I tell you that you are Peter, and on this rock I will build my church, and the gates of Hades shall not prevail against it. 19I will give you the keys of the kingdom of heaven, and whatever you bind on earth will be bound in heaven, and whatever you loose on earth will be loosed in heaven.”

27Then Jesus went on to the villages of Caesarea Philippi along with his disciples. On the way he asked his disciples, “Who do people say that I am?” 28They answered, “Some say John the Baptist, others say Elijah, and others say that you are one of the prophets.” 29He said to them, “But who do you say that I am?” Peter answered him, “You are the Christ.”

18Once when Jesus was praying in private and the disciples were with him, he asked them, “Who do the crowds say that I am?” 19They answered, “Some say John the Baptist, others say Elijah, and others say that one of the ancient prophets has risen.” 20Then he said to them, “But who do you say that I am?” Peter answered, “The Christ of God.”

20Then he commanded his disciples to tell no one that he was Jesus the Christ.

30And Jesus warned them not to tell anyone about him.

21Jesus then warned them and instructed them to tell this to no one,

Section 83

First direct prediction of the rejection, crucifixion, and resurrection

Near Caesarea Philippi

Matthew 16:21-26

Mark 8:31-37

Luke 9:22-25

21From that time Jesus began to show his disciples that he must go to Jerusalem and suffer many things at the hands of the elders, chief priests, and scribes, and that he must be killed and on the third day be raised up. 22So Peter took him aside and began to rebuke him, saying, “God forbid, Lord! This shall certainly not happen to you.” 23But he turned around and said to Peter, “Get behind me, Satan! You are a stumbling block to me, for you are not thinking about the things of God, but the things of men.”

31Then he began to teach them that the Son of Man must suffer many things and be rejected by the elders, the chief priests, and the scribes, and that he must be killed and after three days rise again. 32He was stating the matter plainly, so Peter took him aside and began to rebuke him. 33But turning around and looking at his disciples, he rebuked Peter, saying, “Get behind me, Satan! For you are not thinking about the things of God, but the things of men.”

22saying, “The Son of Man must suffer many things and be rejected by the elders, chief priests, and scribes, and he must be killed and on the third day rise again.”

24Then Jesus said to his disciples, “If anyone wants to come after me, he must deny himself, take up his cross, and follow me. 25For whoever wants to save his life will lose it, but whoever loses his life for my sake will find it. 26For what does it benefit a person if he gains the whole world but forfeits his soul? Or what can a person give in exchange for his soul?

34Then he called the crowd over, along with his disciples, and said to them, “If anyone wants to follow me, he must deny himself, take up his cross, and follow me. 35For whoever wants to save his life will lose it, but whoever loses his life for my sake and for the sake of the gospel will save it. 36For what will it benefit a person if he gains the whole world but forfeits his soul? 37Or what can a person give in exchange for his soul?

23Then he said to them all, “If anyone wants to come after me, he must deny himself, take up his cross, and follow me. 24For whoever wants to save his life will lose it, but whoever loses his life for my sake will save it. 25For what does it benefit a person if he gains the whole world but loses or forfeits himself?

Section 84

Coming of the Son of Man and judgment

Near Caesarea Philippi

Matthew 16:27-28

Mark 8:38-9:1

Luke 9:26-27

27For the Son of Man will come with his angels in the glory of his Father, and then he will repay each person according to what he has done. 28Truly I say to you, there are some standing here who will certainly not taste death until they see the Son of Man coming in his kingdom.”

38If anyone is ashamed of me and my words in this adulterous and sinful generation, the Son of Man will also be ashamed of him when he comes in the glory of his Father with the holy angels.” 1And he said to them, “Truly I say to you, there are some standing here who will certainly not taste death until they see the kingdom of God come with power.”

26If anyone is ashamed of me and my words, the Son of Man will be ashamed of him when he comes in his glory and the glory of the Father and the holy angels. 27But truly I say to you, there are some standing here who will certainly not taste death until they see the kingdom of God.”

Section 85

Transfiguration of Jesus

High mountain, perhaps Mount Hermon

Matthew 17:1-8

Mark 9:2-8

Luke 9:28-36a

1After six days Jesus took Peter, James, and John the brother of James, and led them up on a high mountain by themselves. 2There he was transfigured before them; his face shone like the sun, and his garments became as white as light. 3And behold, Moses and Elijah appeared to them, talking with him.

2After six days Jesus took Peter, James, and John, and led them up on a high mountain by themselves. There he was transfigured before them. 3His garments became radiant and extremely white, like snow, such as no launderer on earth can whiten them. 4Then Elijah appeared to them with Moses, and they were talking with Jesus.

28About eight days after he had spoken these words, he took Peter, John, and James, and went up on the mountain to pray. 29As he was praying, the appearance of his face was altered, and his clothing became dazzling white. 30And behold, two men were talking with him; they were Moses and Elijah, 31who appeared in glory and were speaking about his departure, which he was about to bring to fulfillment in Jerusalem. 32Now Peter and those who were with him were heavy with sleep, but when they became fully awake, they saw his glory and the two men standing with him.

4So Peter said to Jesus, “Lord, it is good for us to be here. If you wish, we will make three shelters here, one for you, one for Moses, and one for Elijah.” 5While he was still speaking, behold, a bright cloud overshadowed them, and a voice from the cloud said, “This is my beloved Son, in whom I am well pleased; listen to him!” 6When the disciples heard this, they fell on their faces and were utterly afraid. 7But Jesus came over and touched them, saying, “Rise; do not be afraid.”

5So Peter said to Jesus, “Rabbi, it is good for us to be here. Let us make three shelters, one for you, one for Moses, and one for Elijah.” 6(For they were terrified, and he did not know what to say.) 7Then a cloud came and overshadowed them, and a voice came from the cloud: “This is my beloved Son; listen to him!”

33As the men were parting from Jesus, Peter said to him, “Master, it is good for us to be here. Let us make three shelters, one for you, one for Moses, and one for Elijah,” not knowing what he was saying. 34But as he was saying this, a cloud came and overshadowed them, and they were afraid as they entered the cloud. 35Then a voice came from the cloud, saying, “This is my beloved Son; listen to him!”

8And lifting up their eyes, they saw no one but Jesus.

8And suddenly, when they looked around, they no longer saw anyone with them but Jesus.

36aWhen the voice finished speaking, they found that Jesus was alone.

Section 86

Discussion of resurrection, Elijah, and John the Baptist

Coming down the mountain

Matthew 17:9-13

Mark 9:9-13

Luke 9:36b

9As they were coming down from the mountain, Jesus commanded them, “Do not tell anyone about the vision you saw until the Son of Man has risen from the dead.”

9As they were coming down from the mountain, Jesus ordered them to tell no one what they had seen until the Son of Man had risen from the dead. 10So they kept the matter to themselves, discussing what this rising from the dead could mean.

36bThe disciples kept silent and did not tell anyone in those days about any of the things they had seen.

10Then his disciples asked him, “Why do the scribes say that Elijah must come first?” 11Jesus answered them, “Elijah does indeed come first, and he will restore all things. 12But I tell you that Elijah has already come, and they did not recognize him, but did to him whatever they wished. Even so the Son of Man is about to suffer at their hands.” 13Then the disciples understood that he was speaking to them about John the Baptist.

11Then they asked him, “Why do the scribes say that Elijah must come first?” 12He answered them, “Elijah does indeed come first to restore all things. How then is it written that the Son of Man must suffer many things and be treated with contempt? 13But I tell you that Elijah has indeed come, and they did to him whatever they wished, just as it is written about him.”

Section 87

Healing of demoniac boy and unbelief rebuked

Near the mount of transfiguration

Matthew 17:14-20

Mark 9:14-29

Luke 9:37-43a

14When Jesus came back to the other disciples, he saw a large crowd around them, and some scribes arguing with them. 15When the whole crowd saw him, they were greatly amazed and immediately ran up and greeted him.

14When they came to the crowd, a man approached Jesus, kneeling before him 15and saying, “Lord, have mercy on my son, for he is an epileptic and suffers terribly. For often he falls into the fire, and often into the water. 16I brought him to your disciples, but they could not heal him.”

16Then he asked the scribes, “What are you arguing with them about?” 17One man from among the crowd answered, “Teacher, I brought you my son, who has a spirit that makes him mute. 18Whenever it seizes him, it throws him down, and he foams at the mouth, grinds his teeth, and becomes rigid. I asked your disciples to cast it out, but they were not able to do so.”

37On the next day, when they came down from the mountain, Jesus was met by a large crowd. 38And behold, a man from among the crowd cried out, “Teacher, I beg you to look at my son, for he is my one and only child. 39A spirit seizes him, and he suddenly cries out; it convulses him so that he foams at the mouth. It hardly ever leaves him alone, bruising him severely. 40I begged your disciples to cast it out, but they could not.”

17Jesus answered, “O faithless and perverse generation, how long shall I be with you? How long shall I bear with you? Bring him here to me.”

19Jesus answered him, “O faithless generation, how long shall I be with you? How long shall I bear with you? Bring him to me.” 20So they brought the boy to him. When the spirit saw Jesus, it immediately threw the boy into convulsions, and he fell on the ground and rolled around, foaming at the mouth. 21Then Jesus asked the boy's father, “How long has this been happening to him?” The father said, “From childhood. 22It often throws him into the fire and into the water, to destroy him. But if you are able to do anything, help us and have compassion on us.” 23Jesus said to him, “The question is whether you are able to believe. All things are possible for the one who believes.” 24Immediately the child's father cried out and said with tears, “I believe, Lord; help my unbelief!”

41Jesus answered, “O faithless and perverse generation, how long shall I be with you and bear with you? Bring your son here.” 42Now as the boy was approaching, the demon threw him down and shook him with convulsions. But Jesus rebuked the unclean spirit, healed the boy, and gave him back to his father. 43aAnd they were all astonished at the majesty of God.

18Then Jesus rebuked the demon, and it came out of the boy, and he was healed from that hour.

25When Jesus saw that a crowd came running together, he rebuked the unclean spirit and said to it, “You spirit that makes this boy mute and deaf, I command you, come out of him and never enter him again!” 26After crying out, the spirit convulsed the boy greatly and came out, and the boy became as though he were dead, so that many said, “He is dead!” 27But Jesus took him by the hand and raised him up, and the boy arose.

19Afterward the disciples came to Jesus privately and said, “Why could we not cast it out?” 20Jesus said to them, “Because of your unbelief. For truly I say to you, if you have faith like a grain of mustard seed, you will say to this mountain, ‘Move from here to there,’ and it will move. Nothing will be impossible for you.

28Now when Jesus came into the house, his disciples asked him privately, “Why could we not cast it out?” 29He said to them, “This kind cannot come out by anything except prayer and fasting.”

Section 88

Second prediction of Jesus' death end resurrection

Galilee

Matthew 17:22-23

Mark 9:30-32

Luke 9:43b-45

30Then they went away from there and passed through Galilee, but Jesus did not want anyone to know it.

22While they were traveling around in Galilee, Jesus said to them, “The Son of Man is about to be delivered up into the hands of men. 23They will kill him, and on the third day he will be raised up.” And the disciples were greatly distressed.

31For he was teaching his disciples and telling them, “The Son of Man is going to be delivered up into the hands of men, and they will kill him. Yet after he has been killed, he will rise on the third day.” 32But they did not understand what this meant, and they were afraid to ask him about it.

43bBut while everyone was marveling at all that Jesus had done, he said to his disciples, 44“Let these words sink into your ears: The Son of Man is about to be delivered up into the hands of men.” 45But they did not understand what this meant. It was concealed from them, so that they could not grasp it, and they were afraid to ask him about it.

Section 89

Payment of the temple tax

Capernaum

Matthew 17:24-27

24When they came to Capernaum, the collectors of the two-drachma tax came to Peter and said, “Your teacher pays the two-drachma tax, doesn't he?” 25He said, “Yes.” And when Peter came into the house, Jesus spoke to him first, saying, “What do you think, Simon? From whom do the kings of the earth receive toll or tax? From their own sons or from strangers?” 26Peter said to him, “From strangers.” And Jesus said to him, “Then the sons are free. 27But so that we may not offend them, go to the sea, cast a hook, and take the first fish that comes up. When you open its mouth, you will find a stater coin. Take it and give it to them for you and me.”

Section 90

Rivalry over greatness in the kingdom

Capernaum

Matthew 18:1-5

Mark 9:33-37

Luke 9:46-48

1In that hour the disciples came to Jesus and said, “Who is greater in the kingdom of heaven?”

33Then Jesus came to Capernaum, and when he was in the house, he asked the disciples, “What were you discussing among yourselves on the way?” 34But they were silent, because on the way they had been arguing with one another about who was greater. 35So Jesus sat down, called the twelve over, and said to them, “If anyone wants to be first, he must be last of all and a servant to all.”

46Now an argument arose among the disciples as to which of them was greater.

2So Jesus called over a little child, placed him among them, 3and said, “Truly I say to you, unless you change and become like little children, you will certainly not enter the kingdom of heaven.

36Then he took a child and placed him before them. And taking the child in his arms, he said to them,

47But Jesus, perceiving the thoughts of their hearts, took a child and placed him by his side.

4Therefore whoever humbles himself like this little child is greater in the kingdom of heaven. 5And whoever receives one little child such as this in my name receives me,

37“Whoever receives one child such as this in my name receives me; and whoever receives me, receives not me, but him who sent me.”

48Then he said to them, “Whoever receives this child in my name receives me, and whoever receives me receives him who sent me. For he who is least among you all is the one who will be great.”

Section 91

Warning against causing believers to sin

Capernaum

Matthew 18:6-14

Mark 9:38-50

Luke 9:49-50

38John said to him in response, “Teacher, we saw someone who does not follow us casting out demons in your name, and we told him to stop because he does not follow us.” 39But Jesus said, “Do not stop him, for no one who does a miracle in my name will be able to speak evil of me soon afterward. 40For whoever is not against you is for you. 41Truly I say to you, whoever gives you a cup of water to drink in my name, because you belong to Christ, will certainly not lose his reward.

49John responded, “Master, we saw someone casting out demons in your name, and we told him to stop because he does not follow us.” 50But Jesus said to him, “Do not stop him, for whoever is not against us is for us.”

6but if anyone causes one of these little ones who believe in me to stumble, it would be better for him to have a heavy millstone hung around his neck and to be drowned in the depth of the sea. 7“Woe to the world because of stumbling blocks! It is necessary that stumbling blocks come, yet woe to that man through whom the stumbling block comes!

42“If anyone causes one of these little ones who believe in me to stumble, it would be better for him if a millstone were hung around his neck and he were thrown into the sea.

8If your hand or your foot causes you to stumble, cut them off and throw them away from you. It is better for you to enter life lame or crippled than to have two hands or two feet and be thrown into the eternal fire. 9And if your eye causes you to stumble, pluck it out and throw it away from you. It is better for you to enter life with one eye than to have two eyes and be thrown into the fires of hell. 10“See that you do not despise one of these little ones, for I tell you that their angels in heaven continually see the face of my Father in heaven. 11For the Son of Man came to save the lost.

43If your hand causes you to stumble, cut it off. It is better for you to enter life crippled than to have two hands and go into hell, into the unquenchable fire, 44‘where their worm does not die and the fire is not quenched.’ 45And if your foot causes you to stumble, cut it off. It is better for you to enter life lame than to have two feet and be thrown into hell, into the unquenchable fire, 46‘where their worm does not die and the fire is not quenched.’ 47And if your eye causes you to stumble, tear it out. It is better for you to enter the kingdom of God with one eye than to have two eyes and be thrown into the fires of hell, 48‘where their worm does not die and the fire is not quenched.’ 49For everyone will be salted with fire, and every sacrifice will be seasoned with salt. 50Salt is good, but if it becomes unsalty, with what shall you season it? Have salt in yourselves, and be at peace with one another.”

12What do you think? If a man has a hundred sheep, and one of them goes astray, does he not leave the other ninety-nine and go seek on the mountains the one that has gone astray? 13And if he happens to find it, truly I say to you, he rejoices more over it than over the ninety-nine that have not gone astray. 14In the same way, it is not the will of your Father in heaven that one of these little ones should perish.

Section 92

Treatment and forgiveness of a sinning brother

Capernaum

Matthew 18:15-35

15“If your brother sins against you, go show him his fault between you and him alone. If he listens to you, you have gained your brother. 16But if he does not listen, take one or two others with you, so that every matter may be established by the mouth of two or three witnesses. 17If he refuses to listen to them, tell it to the church. And if he refuses to listen even to the church, treat him as you would a pagan or a tax collector. 18Truly I say to you, whatever you bind on earth will be bound in heaven, and whatever you loose on earth will be loosed in heaven. 19Again, truly I say to you, if two of you agree on earth about anything you ask, it will be done for you by my Father in heaven. 20For where two or three are gathered together in my name, I am there among them.” 21Then Peter came to Jesus and said, “Lord, how many times must I forgive my brother when he sins against me? Up to seven times?” 22Jesus said to him, “Not, I tell you, up to seven times, but up to seventy times seven. 23“For this reason the kingdom of heaven may be compared to a king who wished to settle accounts with his servants. 24As he began to settle accounts, one servant who had a debt of ten thousand talents was brought to him. 25But since he did not have anything with which to repay the debt, his master commanded him to be sold along with his wife, his children, and all that he had, so that the debt could be repaid. 26So the servant fell down and bowed before him, saying, ‘Master, be patient with me, and I will repay you all that I owe.’ 27Moved with compassion, the master of that servant released him and forgave him the debt. 28But that servant went out and found one of his fellow servants who owed him a hundred denarii. He grabbed him and began to choke him, saying, ‘Repay me what you owe.’ 29So his fellow servant fell down at his feet and begged him, ‘Be patient with me, and I will repay you.’ 30But he was not willing to do so. Instead, he went and threw him into prison until he should repay what was owed. 31When his fellow servants saw what had taken place, they were greatly distressed and went and reported to their master all that had happened. 32Then the master summoned the servant and said to him, ‘You evil servant! I forgave you all that debt because you begged me to do so. 33Should you not also have had mercy on your fellow servant, even as I had mercy on you?’ 34And in anger his master handed him over to the jailers to be tortured until he should repay all that was owed him. 35My heavenly Father will also do the same to you if each one of you, from your hearts, does not forgive his brother for his trespasses.”

Section 93

Complete commitment required of followers

Perhaps Galilee

Matthew 8:19-22

Luke 9:57-62

19Then a scribe came up and said to him, “Teacher, I will follow you wherever you go.” 20Jesus said to him, “Foxes have holes, and the birds of the sky have nests, but the Son of Man has nowhere to lay his head.” 21Then another of his disciples said to him, “Lord, let me first go and bury my father.” 22But Jesus said to him, “Follow me, and let the dead bury their own dead.”

57As they were going along the road, someone said to him, “I will follow you wherever you go, Lord.” 58Jesus said to him, “Foxes have holes, and the birds of the sky have nests, but the Son of Man has nowhere to lay his head.” 59Then Jesus said to another man, “Follow me.” But the man said, “Lord, let me first go and bury my father.” 60Jesus said to him, “Let the dead bury their own dead. But you go and proclaim the kingdom of God.” 61Still another said, “I will follow you, Lord, but first let me say goodbye to my family.” 62But Jesus said to him, “No one who puts his hand to the plow and looks back is fit for the kingdom of God.”

Section 94

Ridicule by Jesus' half-brothers

Galilee

John 7:2-9

2Now the Jewish Feast of Tabernacles was near. 3So Jesus' brothers said to him, “Leave here and go to Judea so that your disciples may see the works you are doing. 4For no one does anything in secret while seeking to be known publicly. If you are going to do these things, show yourself to the world.” 5(For not even his brothers believed in him.) 6So Jesus said to them, “My time has not yet come, but your time is always at hand. 7The world cannot hate you, but it does hate me because I testify that its works are evil. 8You go up to this feast; I am not yet going up to this feast, for my time has not yet been fulfilled.” 9After saying this to them, he remained in Galilee.

Section 95

Journey through Samaria

Samaria

Luke 9:51-56

John 7:10

51Now when the days were approaching for Jesus' ascension, he set his face to go to Jerusalem. 52He sent messengers on ahead, who went and entered a village of the Samaritans to make preparations for him. 53But the people there refused to welcome him, because his face was set to go to Jerusalem. 54When his disciples James and John saw this, they said, “Lord, do you want us to command fire to come down from heaven and consume them, just like Elijah did?” 55But he turned and rebuked them, saying, “You do not know what kind of spirit you belong to. 56For the Son of Man did not come to destroy people's lives but to save them.” And they went on to another village.

10However, after his brothers had gone up to the feast, Jesus also went up, not openly but in secret.

Section 96a

Mixed reaction to Jesus' teaching and miracles

Jerusalem, in the temple

John 7:11-31

11Now the Jews were looking for him at the feast, saying, “Where is that man?” 12And there was much murmuring about him among the crowds. Some were saying, “He is a good man.” Others were saying, “No, he is deceiving the crowd.” 13No one, however, was speaking openly about him for fear of the Jews. 14Midway through the feast, Jesus went up to the temple courts and began to teach. 15The Jews were amazed, saying, “How does this man have such learning, since he has never had formal instruction?” 16Jesus answered them, “My teaching is not my own; it comes from him who sent me. 17If anyone wants to do his will, he will know whether my teaching comes from God or whether I am speaking on my own authority. 18He who speaks on his own authority seeks his own glory, but he who seeks the glory of the one who sent him is true, and there is no unrighteousness in him. 19Did not Moses give you the law? Yet none of you keeps the law. Why are you seeking to kill me?” 20The crowd answered, “You have a demon! Who is seeking to kill you?” 21Jesus answered them, “I did one work, and you are all amazed. 22Moses gave you circumcision (not that it came from Moses, but from the fathers), and that is why you circumcise a man on the Sabbath. 23If a man receives circumcision on the Sabbath so that the law of Moses will not be broken, why are you angry with me because I made a man entirely well on the Sabbath? 24Do not judge according to appearance, but judge with right judgment.” 25Now some of the people of Jerusalem were saying, “Is this not the man whom they are seeking to kill? 26And behold, he is speaking openly, and they are saying nothing to him. Could it be that the rulers indeed know that this is truly the Christ? 27Yet we know where this man is from, but when the Christ comes, no one will know where he is from.” 28Then Jesus cried out as he taught in the temple courts, “You know me and you know where I am from. Yet I have not come on my own authority, but he who sent me is true. You do not know him, 29but I know him, because I have come from him, and he sent me.” 30So they were seeking to arrest him, but no one laid a hand on him, because his hour had not yet come. 31Still, many from among the crowd believed in him and said, “When the Christ comes, will he do more signs than this man has done?”

Section 96b

Frustrated attempt to arrest Jesus

Jerusalem

John 7:32-52

32The Pharisees heard the crowd murmuring these things about him, so the Pharisees and the chief priests sent officers to arrest him. 33Then Jesus said, “I am with you for a little while longer, and then I am going to him who sent me. 34You will seek me, but you will not find me; and where I am, you cannot come.” 35Then the Jews said to one another, “Where is this man about to go that we will not find him? Is he about to go to the Jews who are scattered among the Greeks and teach the Greeks? 36What does he mean by saying, ‘You will seek me, but you will not find me; and where I am, you cannot come’?” 37On the last day, the great day of the feast, Jesus stood up and cried out, “If anyone is thirsty, let him come to me and drink. 38Whoever believes in me, just as the Scripture has said, ‘From his innermost being will flow rivers of living water.’ ” 39(He said this about the Spirit, whom those who believed in him were going to receive, for the Holy Spirit had not yet been given, because Jesus had not yet been glorified.) 40When they heard this, many from among the crowd were saying, “Surely this man is the Prophet.” 41Others were saying, “He is the Christ.” But others were saying, “No, for the Christ does not come from Galilee, does he? 42Does not the Scripture say that the Christ will come from David's descendants and from Bethlehem, the town where David lived?” 43So a division arose among the crowd because of Jesus. 44Some of them wanted to arrest him, but no one laid a hand on him. 45Then the officers came to the chief priests and Pharisees, who said to them, “Why did you not bring him in?” 46The officers answered, “Never has anyone spoken like this man.” 47The Pharisees answered them, “Have you also been deceived? 48None of the rulers or the Pharisees have believed in him, have they? 49But this crowd that does not know the law is accursed.” 50Then Nicodemus, who had gone to Jesus by night and who was one of the rulers, said, 51“Does our law condemn a man without first giving him a hearing and finding out what he is doing?” 52They answered him, “Are you also from Galilee? Search and see that no prophet has ever arisen from Galilee.”

Section 97

Jesus' forgiveness of a woman caught in adultery

Jerusalem, in the temple

John 7:53-8:11

53And each went to his own house. 1But Jesus went to the Mount of Olives. 2Early in the morning he again went to the temple courts. All the people came, and he sat down and taught them. 3Then the scribes and the Pharisees brought him a woman who had been caught in adultery. Making her stand before them all, 4they said to Jesus, testing him, “Teacher, this woman was caught in the very act of committing adultery. 5In the law, Moses commanded us that such women should be stoned; what then do you say?” 6(They said this to test him, so that they might have something to accuse him of.) But Jesus stooped down and wrote with his finger on the ground, taking no notice. 7When they continued asking him, he stood up and said to them, “Let him among you who is without sin throw the first stone at her.” 8And again he stooped down and wrote on the ground. 9When they heard this, they were convicted by their own consciences and began to go away one by one, starting with the older men. So Jesus was left alone, with the woman there before him. 10Then Jesus stood up and saw no one but the woman. So he said to her, “Where are your accusers? Has no one condemned you?” 11She said, “No one, Lord.” Jesus said, “Neither do I pass judgment on you; go and sin no more.”

Section 98

Conflict over Jesus' claim to be the light of the world

Jerusalem, in the temple

John 8:12-20

12Then Jesus spoke to them again, saying, “I am the light of the world. Whoever follows me will certainly not walk in darkness, but will have the light of life.” 13So the Pharisees said to him, “You are testifying about yourself, so your testimony is not valid.” 14Jesus answered them, “Even if I testify about myself, my testimony is valid, for I know where I came from and where I am going, but you do not know where I come from or where I am going. 15You judge according to the flesh, but I judge no one. 16Yet even if I do judge, my judgment is valid; for I am not alone, but I am with the Father who sent me. 17In your own law it is written that the testimony of two men is valid. 18I testify about myself, and the Father who sent me also testifies about me.” 19Then they said to him, “Where is your father?” Jesus answered, “You neither know me nor my Father. If you knew me, you would know my Father as well.” 20(Jesus spoke these words in the treasury as he taught in the temple courts. But no one arrested him, because his hour had not yet come.)

Section 99a

Jesus' relationship to God the Father

Jerusalem, in the temple

John 8:21-30

21Then Jesus said to them again, “I am going away, and you will seek me, but you will die in your sin. Where I am going, you cannot come.” 22So the Jews said, “Is he going to kill himself? Is that what he means by saying, ‘Where I am going, you cannot come’?” 23He said to them, “You are from below; I am from above. You are of this world; I am not of this world. 24Therefore I said to you that you will die in your sins, for if you do not believe that I am he, you will die in your sins.” 25They said to him, “Who are you?” Jesus said to them, “Exactly what I have been saying to you from the beginning. 26I have many things to say about you and to judge, but he who sent me is true, and I tell the world what I have heard from him.” 27(They did not know that he was speaking to them about the Father.) 28So Jesus said to them, “When you lift up the Son of Man, then you will know that I am he and that I do nothing on my own authority, but I speak these things just as my Father taught me. 29He who sent me is with me. The Father has not left me alone, for I always do what pleases him.” 30As he was saying these things, many believed in him.

Section 99b

Jesus' relationship to Abraham, and attempted stoning

Jerusalem, in the temple

John 8:31-59

31Then Jesus said to the Jews who had believed in him, “If you abide in my word, you are truly my disciples. 32Then you will know the truth, and the truth will set you free.” 33They answered him, “We are descendants of Abraham, and we have never been enslaved to anyone. How then can you say, ‘You will be set free’?” 34Jesus answered them, “Truly, truly, I say to you, everyone who commits sin is a slave of sin. 35The slave does not abide in the house forever; the son abides forever. 36So if the son sets you free, you will be free indeed. 37I know that you are Abraham's descendants, but you are seeking to kill me because your hearts have no room for my word. 38I speak of what I have seen with my Father; so you also are doing what you have seen with your father.” 39They answered him, “Our father is Abraham.” Jesus said to them, “If you were children of Abraham, you would be doing the works of Abraham. 40But now you are seeking to kill me, a man who has spoken to you the truth I heard from God. Abraham did not do such a thing. 41You are doing the works of your father.” They said to him, “We were not born of fornication. We have one Father—God.” 42Jesus said to them, “If God were your Father, you would love me, for I have come here from God. I have not come of my own accord, but he sent me. 43Why do you not understand what I am saying? It is because you cannot bear to accept my word. 44You belong to your father the devil, and you want to carry out your father's desires. He was a murderer from the beginning and does not stand in the truth, because there is no truth in him. When he speaks lies, he speaks from his own character, because he is a liar and the father of lies. 45But because I speak the truth, you do not believe me. 46Which one of you convicts me of sin? If I am telling the truth, why do you not believe me? 47Whoever belongs to God hears the words of God. The reason you do not hear them is because you do not belong to God.” 48The Jews answered him, “Do we not rightly say that you are a Samaritan and have a demon?” 49Jesus answered, “I do not have a demon, but I honor my Father, and you dishonor me. 50I do not seek my own glory; there is one who seeks it, and he is the judge. 51Truly, truly, I say to you, if anyone keeps my word, he will certainly never see death.” 52The Jews said to him, “Now we know that you have a demon. Abraham died, and so did the prophets, yet you say, ‘If anyone keeps my word, he will certainly never taste death.’ 53Are you greater than our father Abraham, who died? The prophets also died. Who do you make yourself out to be?” 54Jesus answered, “If I glorify myself, my glory is nothing. It is my Father who glorifies me, of whom you say, ‘He is our God.’ 55You do not know him, but I know him. If I were to say that I do not know him, I would be a liar like you. But I do know him, and I keep his word. 56Your father Abraham was glad that he would see my day. He saw it and rejoiced.” 57Then the Jews said to him, “You are not yet fifty years old, and you have seen Abraham?” 58Jesus said to them, “Truly, truly, I say to you, before Abraham was, I am.” 59So they picked up stones to throw at him, but Jesus hid himself and went out from the temple grounds. And passing through the crowd, he walked away.

Section 100a

Healing of a man born blind

Jerusalem

John 9:1-7

1As Jesus walked along, he saw a man who had been blind from birth. 2His disciples asked him, “Rabbi, who sinned, this man or his parents, that he should be born blind?” 3Jesus answered, “Neither did this man sin nor his parents, but it happened so that the works of God might be revealed in him. 4I must do the works of him who sent me while it is day; night is coming, when no one can work. 5As long as I am in the world, I am the light of the world.” 6After saying this, he spit on the ground and made mud with the saliva. Then he rubbed the mud on the blind man's eyes 7and said to him, “Go wash in the pool of Siloam” (which means “Sent”). So he went and washed, and came away seeing.

Section 100b

Response of the blind man's neighbors

Jerusalem

John 9:8-12

8Then his neighbors and those who had previously seen that he was blind were saying, “Is this not the man who used to sit and beg?” 9Others were saying, “It is he.” Still others were saying, “He is like him.” But he kept saying, “I am he.” 10So they said to him, “How were your eyes opened?” 11He answered, “A man named Jesus made mud, rubbed it on my eyes, and said to me, ‘Go to the pool of Siloam and wash.’ So I went and washed, and received my sight.” 12They said to him, “Where is this man?” He said, “I do not know.”

Section 100c

Examination and excommunication of the blind man by the Pharisees

Jerusalem

John 9:13-34

13So they brought the man who was once blind to the Pharisees. 14(Now it was a Sabbath when Jesus made the mud and opened the man's eyes.) 15The Pharisees again asked him how he had received his sight, and he said to them, “He put mud on my eyes, and I washed, and now I see.” 16Then some of the Pharisees were saying, “This man is not from God, for he does not keep the Sabbath.” But others were saying, “How can a sinful man do such signs?” And a division arose among them. 17So they said to the blind man again, “What do you say about him, since he opened your eyes?” The man said, “He is a prophet.” 18Now the Jews did not believe that the man had been blind and had received his sight until they called in his parents. 19They asked them, “Is this your son, who you say was born blind? How then does he now see?” 20His parents answered them, “We know that this is our son and that he was born blind. 21But how he can now see or who opened his eyes, we do not know. He is of age; ask him. He will speak for himself.” 22(His parents said this because they were afraid of the Jews, for the Jews had already agreed that if anyone should confess that Jesus was the Christ, he would be put out of the synagogue. 23That is why his parents said, “He is of age; ask him.”) 24So for a second time they called in the man who had been blind and said to him, “Give glory to God! We know that this man is a sinner.” 25He answered, “Whether he is a sinner or not, I do not know; one thing I know, that though I was blind, now I see.” 26Again they said to him, “What did he do to you? How did he open your eyes?” 27He answered them, “I told you already, and you did not listen. Why do you want to hear it again? Do you also want to become his disciples?” 28Then they reviled him and said, “You are a disciple of that man, but we are disciples of Moses. 29We know that God has spoken to Moses, but as for this man, we do not know where he is from.” 30The man answered them, “Why, this is an amazing thing, that you do not know where he is from, and yet he opened my eyes! 31We know that God does not listen to sinners, but he does listen to anyone who is devout and does his will. 32Never before has anyone heard of someone opening the eyes of a man born blind. 33If this man were not from God, he could do nothing.” 34They answered him, “You were born entirely in sin, and yet you are trying to teach us?” And they threw him out.

Section 100d

Jesus' identification of himself to the blind man

Jerusalem

John 9:35-38

35Jesus heard that they had thrown him out, so he found the man and said to him, “Do you believe in the Son of God?” 36He answered, “Who is he, Lord, that I may believe in him?” 37Jesus said to him, “You have seen him, and the one speaking with you is he.” 38The man said, “I believe, Lord.” And he worshiped him.

Section 100e

Spiritual blindness of the Pharisees

Jerusalem

John 9:39-41

39Then Jesus said, “For judgment I have come into this world, so that those who do not see may see, and those who see may become blind.” 40Some of the Pharisees who were with him heard this and said to him, “We are not also blind, are we?” 41Jesus said to them, “If you were blind, you would have no sin, but now you say, ‘We see.’ Therefore your sin remains.

Section 101a

Allegory of the good shepherd and the thief

Jerusalem

John 10:1-18

1“Truly, truly, I say to you, he who does not enter the sheepfold by the gate but climbs in by another way is a thief and a robber. 2But he who enters by the gate is the shepherd of the sheep. 3The gatekeeper opens the gate for him, and the sheep hear his voice. He calls his own sheep by name and leads them out. 4When he has brought out his own sheep, he goes ahead of them, and the sheep follow him because they recognize his voice. 5They will certainly not follow a stranger, but will flee from him because they do not recognize the voice of strangers.” 6Jesus spoke to them with this figure of speech, but they did not understand what he was saying to them. 7So Jesus said to them again, “Truly, truly, I say to you, I am the gate for the sheep. 8All who came before are thieves and robbers, but the sheep did not listen to them. 9I am the gate; if anyone enters through me, he will be saved and will come in and go out and find pasture. 10The thief comes only to steal, kill, and destroy. I have come that they may have life, and have it abundantly. 11I am the good shepherd; the good shepherd lays down his life for the sheep. 12But the hired hand is not the shepherd and does not own the sheep. So when he sees the wolf coming, he leaves the sheep and flees, and the wolf snatches the sheep and scatters them. 13The hired hand flees, for he is a hired hand and does not care about the sheep. 14I am the good shepherd. I know my sheep and my sheep know me, 15even as the Father knows me and I know the Father. I lay down my life for the sheep. 16I have other sheep that are not of this fold. I must bring them also, and they will hear my voice. And there will be one flock, one shepherd. 17This is why the Father loves me, because I lay down my life so that I may take it up again. 18No one takes it from me, but I lay it down of my own accord. I have authority to lay it down, and I have authority to take it up again. I received this commandment from my Father.”

Section 101b

Further division among the Jews

Jerusalem

John 10:19-21

19At these words there was again a division among the Jews. 20Many of them were saying, “He has a demon and is out of his mind; why do you listen to him?” 21Others were saying, “These are not the words of a man possessed by a demon. Can a demon open the eyes of the blind?”

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